Objectives
Early Colonial Period (1600 – 1750)
• Analyze excerpts or portions of writings, documents and records that reflect the history of the United States including but not limited to the preamble to the North Carolina Constitution, the Declaration of independence, the United States Constitution, the Mayflower Compact, the national motto, the National Anthem, the Pledge of Allegiance, the writings, speeches, documents, and proclamations of the founding fathers and Presidents of the United States, decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States, and acts of the Congress of the United States, including the published text of the Congressional Record. • How and why the competition between empirical powers led to colonial involvement in the French and Indian War. • How economic factors influenced the settlement and development of the thirteen English colonies in North America (e.g., enclosure movement, joint-stock companies, head right system, “Triangular” trade and the growth of cash crops, Navigation Acts). • How the Glorious Revolution impacted European exploration and the political organization of the colonies • How and to what extent colonial rights and privileges as Englishmen, established in England, influenced the development of colonial political institutions (e.g., the Magna Carta, English Common Law, and the English Bill of Rights). (Inalienable rights) • How, why and to what extent British colonies encouraged religious freedom and tolerance (e.g., Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania). (Connections can be made to the eventual creation of the Bill of Rights which recognized basic individual rights) • How and to what extent specific factors such as commerce/mercantilism, religion, geographic setting, population diversity, and cultural perspectives helped lead to the political, social and economic development of North American colonies. • How environmental factors, such as topography, climate variations and disease, influenced the settlement and development of the thirteen English colonies in North America. • How American Indians were impacted by European colonization and the nation’s westward expansion. (Private property rights) • How and to what extent colonial expansion and various frontier wars with American Indians influenced the political development of the colonies (e.g., Pequot War, King Philips War and Tuscarora War). (Private property rights) • How explorers and colonists justified their risks and perseverance in exploring and settling the “New World” (e.g., John Smith’s The Generall Historie of Virginia,John Winthrop’s “City upon a Hill”, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson and William Penn). • How cultural factors influenced the settlement and development of the thirteen English colonies in North America (e.g., Quakers in Pennsylvania, Puritan families in New England, indentured servants and slaves in Virginia). • To what extent each of the thirteen original English colonies was culturally diverse. • How the cultural development of the British colonies and the early nation varied according to the inhabitants of different regions. • How various groups of American Indians influenced the settlement and expansion of the European colonies and the United States frontier. • How and to what extent various religious and/or ethnic groups immigrated and contributed to the culture of a particular place or region (e.g., Quakers in Pennsylvania, Puritans in New England, Scots-Irish and Moravians in North Carolina, Chinese in San Francisco, African slaves in South Carolina). • How and why various religious and/or ethnic groups immigrated to the colonies and the United States (e.g., Puritans, Pilgrims, Quakers, Jews, African slaves, Germans and Irish Catholics). • How indentured servitude worked and the extent to which it impacted the economic, social and political development of various places and regions. • How and why cultural conflicts became open rebellions (e.g., Bacon’s Rebellion, • King Phillip’s War, the Salem Witch Trials, the Regulator Movement, Shay’s Rebellion and Nat Turner’s Rebellion) and the extent such rebellions impacted the development of various places before the Civil War. • How American Indians fought, appealed and made concessions at times of colonial encroachment and national expansion (e.g., Pequot War, Seneca Chief Cornplanter’s address to George Washington, Elias Boudinot and the Trail of Tears). (Private property rights) • How British colonists persevered in the face of harsh conditions to colonize North America. • The extent to which various racial and ethnic groups who aided the settlement and expansion of the United States were either accepted or discriminated against (e.g., Scots-Irish, Irish, German, Asian). • To what extent land policies and inheritance laws based on primogeniture and entail limited or expanded opportunities for settlers in the British colonies. (Private property rights. • How the 17th and early 18th century growth of commerce, colonial land policies, and surplus agriculture led to the cultural diversity and economic development of the Middle Colonies. • How the system of mercantilism led to “Triangular Trade” and the economic development of Great Britain and the colonies. • How the English Civil Wars and the Glorious Revolution of the 17th Century impacted the political development of the British colonies. • How British, Spanish and French attempts at empire in North America led to cultural diffusion and conflict between various groups leading up to the American Revolution. • The evolution of colonial relationships and government policies on behalf of American Indians and how such relationships and policies affected both American and American Indian cultures. • How the ideals of mercantilism guided the economic development of the colonies, as well as their relationship with Great Britain. • How the English Civil Wars and the Glorious Revolution of the 17th Century impacted British economic policy and the economic development of the colonies. • How the 17th and early 18th century growth of commerce shipbuilding and commercial agriculture encouraged materialism and economic development in New England. • How the political organization of the royal colonies around a royal governor, councils and assemblies affected the distribution of power between the colonists and Great Britain. • How and to what extent imperial wars between England, Spain and France impacted the development and expectation of self-government in the British North American colonies. Origins and Impacts of African Slavery in British Colonies • How and to what extent West Africans and their cultures survived the Middle Passage and the conditions of slavery. • How and why the “triangular trade” promoted the enslavement of West Africans in the New World. • How, why and to what extent early English colonies relied on African slave labor to survive and prosper. • How and to what extent West Africans and their cultures survived the Middle Passage and the conditions of slavery. • How and to what extent European colonists and enslaved Africans adapted their cultures and institutions to define a new American culture. Key Terms
{Webmaster note: there are no terms specifically mentioned separately, and directed to be taught apart, from the broader objectives in the SCOS. These terms are, however, either mentioned in the objectives or they are implied by them or they are terms which are commonly associated with the areas of study outlined by the SCOS. Best practices suggests they should be taught within the context of the objectives to the left and/or while teaching historical thinking skills} joint-stock company headright system triangular trade cash crops Navigation Acts cultural diffusion Virginia Company Plymouth Bay Colony Jamestown Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson William Penn Proprietary Colony Quakers New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies smallpox vs. Native Americans cash crops vs. staple crops starving time City on Hill sermon Massachusetts Bay Colony Seal indentured servants King Philips War Bacon's Rebellion Salem Witch Trials Regulator Movement materialism Maryland Toleration Act Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Scots-Irish Presbyterians Baptists Methodists Moravians enslaved African American spirituality Pequot War Middle Passage English Civil Wars Glorious Revolution English Bill of Rights British Constitution Magna Carta Common Law primogeniture entail French & Indian War |
ResourcesPocahontas Activity from SHEG (account creation required) (video above goes with this activity)
Mapping the New World from SHEG King Philip's War from SHEG Socrative Quiz for above SOC-1857949 Examining Passenger Lists from SHEG Jamestown Starving Time from HSI Bacon's Rebellion from HSI Everyday Life in the Late Colonial Period CK-12 Textbook Unit 1 Guided Research Colonial Advertisement activity Outstanding collection of sources/lessons on Glorious Revolution
Distribution of Ethnic Groups Colonial America Colonial Products map 
Seal of Massachusetts Bay Colony Native American says: "Come over and help us."
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